Japanese Wooden 13 Digits Abacus

     This is an antique 13 digits wooden Abacus which was the early form of a calculating for total sums of items, sales, accounting, etc., and has been replaced with the modern day calculator and computers in most centuries. The Abacus also called a counting frame is a calculating tool that has been in use since ancient times and is still in use today. It was used in centuries like the Near East, Europe, China, Japan, Russia, and more countries before the written Arabic numeral system was invented. The exact origin of the abacus is unknown but this Adacus was made in Japan. The Abacus essentially consists of a number of rows of movable beads or other objects, which represent digits. The back of the abacus shows the hallmark of the maker of this Abacus however, I could not find any information about the maker. The symbols on the front of the Abacus looks like they are burned into the wood and not painted on the wood. The hallmark on the back of the Abacus is an ink stamped hallmark and not burned into the wood. It gives the appearance that it was handmade and not an assembly line product. In addition, it also looks like it has seen some heavy use in the past. It came into the family by way of my father in the 1950s. I do not know if it was new or used at that time. I do not remember seeing a box that it may have been in. the red book has three publishing dates in which the last one is 1959. The red book could have been bought separately in the late 50s. The inside cover someone had written 1.50 in pencil which I believe is the price of the book at that time. The other book has no printing date and it looks like it is much older than the red book and maybe the original book for this Abacus. Both books show wear and the pages are turning yellow from age. It is in excellent condition with no cracks, chips, necks, scratches, fleabites, repairs, or stains.

Shipping and Product Information
Dimensions	11.13”x 5”x 1.25”		Shipped From	83815
Shipping Size	12”x 6”x 4”		Manufacture	Unknown
Weight	1.24	lbs.	Main Material	Mutable Materials
Shipping Weight	1.84	lbs.	Color	Multicolor
Load Capacity	Not Apply		About Years Made	1950s